Abstract: Differential flow meter is the traditional flow meter whichhas passed 100 years of history. in fact, of which thereare many problems in the Venturi tube which could hardly be solved as the representative of the first generation flow meter.However, the experiment proved that the Venturi flow meter has lots of flaws, such as lack of precision measurement and over-pressure resistance. If we let VCone flow meter to the use of large indusrial sitc, will greatly improve the acuraay of flow. Theauthor also appeals to work out national standard of V.Cone flow meter in China as carly as pssible Key words: VCone fow mete ; iferentia ftow meter: National sandad Function Apliatin.
V錐流量計(jì)的原理:
V錐是一種差壓式流量計(jì),與其它差壓流量計(jì)樣,都是基于密閉管道中能量相互轉(zhuǎn)化的伯努利定律。
V錐流量計(jì)的幾何形狀見圖它是通過在管線中心懸掛一個(gè)錐形體來節(jié)流。由于在管道中,理想流場的流速分布為:在管壁處流速接近零,愈靠近管線中心流速愈大,在管線中心流速.大(因?yàn)楣鼙谀Σ亮p小了流過管壁的流體速度)。當(dāng)流體流過V錐流量計(jì)時(shí),錐體直接和流體高速中心部分相互作用迫使高速的中心與接近管壁的低速流體均勻化,從而產(chǎn)生正確的差壓。流體的流量與其流經(jīng)V型錐前后所產(chǎn)生的差壓的平方根成線形關(guān)系。這使是基于封閉管道中能量相互轉(zhuǎn)換的伯努利定理”,這在低流速測量時(shí)更為有用。而其它中心開孔的差壓流量計(jì)(如孔板)由于沒有這種作用,從而不能測量過低流速(雷諾數(shù)過小)的流體D
由于實(shí)際情況下很難達(dá)到理論環(huán)境要求,從而使般的差壓式流量計(jì)難以..測量,血VCone克服了這個(gè)缺點(diǎn),實(shí)踐表明,在極惡劣的安裝條件下,V形錐體也能保證測量精度。
式中,Q為流量;
K為常數(shù)、無量綱,因不同流量計(jì)而異;
Y為氣休膨脹系數(shù),無量綱,在非壓縮應(yīng)用時(shí)Y-1;
▲P-Pl-P2 e為流體密度。對WCone流量計(jì)來說:
D-8-
K-2g4 y1-8
其中,B=vl-d/D
式中: K為儀表系統(tǒng),無量綱:
內(nèi)重力加速度:
D為管道內(nèi)徑; d為錐體外徑:p為直徑比,無量綱:C為流出系數(shù)。